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[[History 13th century]]

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1617 **tobacco** trade

1629 witch burning … 1740 last executions … little over century

17th century: until the 17th century few mechanical clocks were found outside cathedral towers, monasteries, abbeys, and public squares. Probably the earliest clock, closest to the modern ones, was that constructed by the clockmaker Henry de Vick in the 14th century for the tower of the palace of Charles V of France.

17th century VOC - Holland's 'Gouden Eeuw' (Golden Century)

1609-1611 Mores leave Spain

1623-1662 **Blaise Pascal**, French philosopher, mathematician, and physicist, considered one of the great minds in Western intellectual history.

1623 William Schickard invents the first mechanical calculator

1625 the Dutch found New-Amsterdam (New York)

1629-1695 Christiaan Huygens, Dutch astronomer, mathematician, and physicist, born in The Hague. His numerous, original scientific discoveries won him wide recognition and honors among scientists of the 17th century.

1632-1677 Benedict Spinoza, Dutch rationalist philosopher and religious thinker, who is accounted the most thoroughgoing modern exponent of pantheism.

1642 Rebellion against monarchy in England, which was brought to a climax by the execution of King Charles I, political and revolutionary action against autocratic European governments resulted in the establishment of democratic governments

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1. MODERN SCIENCE LEIBNIZ & NEWTON

1646-1716 **Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz**, German philosopher, mathematician, and statesman, regarded as one of the supreme intellects of the 17th century.

1687 **Sir Isaac Newton** (1642-1727) presents his “Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica”; introducing equations for the movement of particles caused by gravity or artificial forces: mechanics, and calculus (mathematical analysis concerned with the rates of change of continuous functions as their arguments change)

1689 the british take powers from king

1694-1778 Voltaire, assumed name of Francois Marie Arouet (1694-1778), French writer and philosopher, who was one of the leaders of the Enlightenment.

1700 breakthrough in literacy, agri techniques spread

less farm workers needed, **capitalism takes off**

1701 war of spanish succession (habsburg no heir)

1713 British monopolize slavery

1727 **coffee** trade

1724 - 1804 Immanuel Kant

1740 maria theresa inherits habsburg, wars follow

1760 - 1914 industrial revolution

1768 **sugar** trade

1799-1815 Napoleon era https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonic_era

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**The rest is quite 'modern'...**

1807 us abolishes slavery, dominated by england

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment

19th century - [[history inventions]]

After the WWII ... Commercialisation of inventions ...

Age of consumerism ...

In a 1955 speech, John Bugas, a vice president of the **Ford Motor Company**, [4] coined the term "consumerism" as a substitute for "capitalism" and better describe the American economy.

1894 bottled **coca cola** introduced

20th century - https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumerism

21st century

2023ad AI - https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/quantumblack/our-insights/the-state-of-ai-in-2023-generative-AIs-breakout-year

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